Double-action pump



May 21, 1957 HAYDEN 2,792,785

DOUBLEACTION PUMP Filed May 24, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR A, 28 4' 29 ERNEST R.HAYDEN.

y 21, 1957 E. R. HAYDEN DOUBLE-ACTION PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 24, 1954 INVENTOR I ERNEST R. HAYDEN- A O NEYS United States This invention relates to vacuum actuated pumps and in particular, this invention provides a double-acting reciprocating pump powered by a selfcontained doubleacting reciprocating motor in which the motor is driven by atmospheric pressure through alternate connection between an exhausting means and the atmosphere.

A principal object of this invention is to provide a portable water pump having a self-contained motor operable by simple connection to an evacuating or exhaust ing means, for example, by connection to the intake manifold of the engine of an automobile or a piece of mobile farm equipment, such as. a tractor.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a portable water pump of simple, light-weight, durable construction which is capable of handling relatively large amounts of water for emergency fire fighting at isolated locations on farms and the like and for other purposes where the installation of a water pump could not be an anticipated necessity or would be economically unsound because of a temporary water requirement.

The vacuum actuated double-acting pump which is contemplated by this invention accomplishes the above objects by utilizing essentially a continuous cylinder to house both pump and driving motor and by utilizing each piston as both a pumping piston and a motor piston. Thus, the pump which is contemplated by this invention includes a cylinder having a pair of interconnected pistons reciprocable therein and separated by a fiuid-tight partition which extends across the cylinder. The outer ends of the cylinder are connected through suitable suction valves to the source of water, and suitable discharge valves are provided for delivery of the pumped water. The center of the cylinder is connected by 'a pair of ports, from opposite sides of the partition, to a springloaded, toggle controlled, slide valve which alternately connects the ports to the exhaust means while at the same time alternately exposes the unconnected port to the atmosphere. The toggle is snapped from one connection to the other in coordination with reciprocation with the pistons so that as one piston is fully extended toward the outer end by exposure of its respective inner port to the atmosphere and by connection of the inner port on the other side of the partition to the vacuum, the slide ..valve changes position and reverses the direction of the pistons.

, For a more complete understanding of the principles of this invention and of the manner in which the above and other objects are accomplished, reference. is made to the appended drawings in which:

Figure 1 is aplan view ofthe pump with discharge ,and suction water lines and the vacuum line broken off;

1 Figure 2 is a fragmentary front elevation of the device shown. in Figure 1 on a somewhat enlarged scale and showing in dashed lines the alternate position of the spring-loaded toggle valve controller and valve;.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the device ate'nt O 2 the toggle and valve in opposite position to that shown in Figure 1; and

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the device on the same scale as Figure 2 taken along line 4-4 in Figure 3.

In the drawings the reference numeral 10 indicates the pump base which is a hollow rectangular block having a circular, threaded opening at each end, into one of which is engaged a cylindrical barrel 11 and into the other of which is engaged a cylindrical barrel 12. Barrels 11 and 12 are respectively provided with T-shaped outer ends 13 and 14. Each end 13 and 14 is provided with a suction inlet valve 15 and a discharge outlet valve 16 which are conventional shape, size and construction.

The center of base 10 is transversely divided by partition 17 having an opening 18 axially aligned with barrels 11 and 12. Pistons 19 and 20 are positioned in barrels 11 and 12, respectively, for reciprocating movement in sliding engagement with the inner walls of the cylinders. A piston rod 21 positioned axially through cylinders 11 and 12 and passing through opening 18 in partition 17 is fixed at its opposite ends to pistons 19 and 20, thus providing opposing action of pistons 19 and 20. Piston rod 21 passes through opening 18 in fluid-tight sliding engagement provided by conventional packings and bushings indicated generally by the reference numeral 22.

Referring more specifically to Figures 3 and 4, it will be observed that base 10 is provided with a fiat, longi' tudinal, recessed surface 25 on its upper face limited lengthwise by stops 26 and 27 and is provided along one side at each end with transverse flanges 28 and 29. Chamber A, which extends from partition 17 in base 10 into cylinder 11, is connected by means of a port 30 in base 10 opening exteriorly in face 25. Chamber B, which extends from partition 17 in base 10 into cylinder 12, is connected by a port 31 in base 10 which opens into face 25. Ports 30 and 31, it will be observed, are

considerably off-center as they enter chambers A and B, respectively, but are aligned centrally in recessed surface 25. Positioned equidistant between ports 30 and 31 in face 25 is a third port 32 which extends approximately half-way into base 10 in a diagonal direction passing through a portion of partition 17, and which emerges through the rear side of base 10 where it is connected to a suitable exhausting means (not shown) by connection 33. Exhaust port 32 is connected with either port 30 or port 31 by a valve which is reciprocable lengthwise on surface 25 between stops 26 and 27. Valve 35 includes a lower sliding portion and an upper flange 37. Sliding portion 36 is essentially rectangular and is provided in its undersurface, which is in sliding contact with surface 25, with a groove 38 of length equal to the distance between the outside edges of ports 32 and 31 and ports 32 and 30 and is aligned with the line of openings of port 30, 32

and 31 in face 25. -Thus, when valve 35 abuts flange .26, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, chamber A is in comto Figures 2 and 3, 'it will be observed that a toggle arm 40 is affixed at its lower end to base 10 by a pivotal connection 41 located near the bottom of the side of base 10'central1y between flanges 28 and 29. The upper end of toggle arm 40 is provided with a crank pin 42 atfixe'd thereto and extending at right angles to arm, 40

, aboveIthe upper, faceof. base 10. and-resting'inslot 39.

t.-shq wn...in-F g .re. 1 1 h f am s a e. as Figure Qiiii h:

Th'tis', arm '40 can oscillate between two positions in wh ich 47 as it emerges from openings 43 and 44, respectively.

Pin 45 has a bracket 48 affixed to its center and thus can reciprocate between a position in which bracket 48 abuts bushing 46 and a position in which bracket 48 abuts bushing 47. A coil spring 49 is afiixed under tension at one end to .bracliet 48 and at the other end to the upper endof toggle arm 40. Thus,'reciprocation of pin 45 between its two positions will produce a snap action of toggle arm 40 'between its two positions and consequently snap valve 35. between its two limiting positions of movement. The length of pin 45 is adjusted so that its ends in each of chambers A ahd B abut pistons 19 and 20, respectively, near the end of their travel inwardly toward base when pin 45 is'in its position most extended into the chamber.

In operation suction val'ves are connected by separate or common connection to a water supply, for example, to aduck pond, creek or the like, and discharge lines leading 'from valves 16 are connected by separate or common connection to a nozzle, storage tank or the like. Exhaust connection 33 is connected to a suitable evacuating means, such as theintake manifold of a farm tractor.

Assuming an initial position of valve 35 abutting stop 26, chamber A isexhausted to the subatmospheric pressure by' the intake manifold of the farm tractor to which it is connected by means of valve 35. Atmospheric pressure acting on the inside of piston forces it to extend'outwardly expelling water contained in cylinder 12 through its respective discharge valve 16. At the same timepiston'19 is retracted drawing water into cylinder 11 through its re'spective'suction valve 15 until Piston 19 abuts the end of' pin 45 in chamber A and reciprocates pin 45 from a position in which bracket 48 is adjacent to bushing 46 to a position in which bracket 48 passes the center at the space between bushing 46 and 47. The iitcreasedjtef 'sion on coil 49 and the unstable position of toggle arm'40'ca'iises toggle arm 40 to snap to aposition as hown'in dashed lines in Figure 2. As coil 49 takes up the'slack, bracket'48 continues to travel to a position "abutting'bushiiig '47. Valve'55, drawn by'crank pin 42,

abutssto'p 27. At this point port is exposed to the atmosphere and air rushes into chamber A. Atthe same tirnech'amber B th'rough the change in position of valve 3 5"is connected to the evacuating means and is exhausted and 'the'reverse operation ensues,'that is, pistons 19 and 1'20 fe'ciproca'tefin the opposite direction, expelling the water drawn into cylinderll and drawing fresh water into cylinder 12.

From the preceding description it will be apparent that the vacuum actuated double-action pump of this invention is susceptible of a number of variations, particularly in the construction of the cylinders, base and valve. Valve actuation, for example, can be obtained by extending an elongated pin (in place of pin 45) alongside both cylinders and utilizing J-shaped ends which enter the outer ends of the cylinders to cause actuation and reciprocation of the pin by contact with the outer faces of the pistons. The slide valve and toggle arm may be positioned in the sameface of base 10. Port 32 may even be extended through toggle arm 40 rather than through base 10. The construction of a separate casting for base 10 can be eliminated and a single cylinder employed. The T-con'nection at the outer ends of the cylinders, of course, is merely one conventional variation its istructlnre :no part of this invention except nsofar" as suitable suction and discharge-valves must be provided.

I claim:

1. A vacuum actuated double-action pump comprising an elongated cylinder, a flat portion on the exterior of said cylinder, a transverse partition within said cylinder dividing the interior thereof into a first chamber and a second chamber longitudinally aligned with each other, a piston in each such chamber positioned in sliding engagement with the inner wall of the cylinder and reciprocable within the chamber, means interconnecting said pistons, a valved inlet and a valved outlet at the outer end of each said chamber, a pair of openings in said flat portion on the exterior of the cylinder, a first port communicating one of said openings with the inner end of the first chamber, a second port communicating the other of said openings with the inner end of the second chamber, exhaust means including an exhaust port for connection with an evacuating device in sliding contact upon said flat surface, said exhaust means being reciprocable between a first position with said exhaust port communicating with said first port and a second position with said exhaust port aligned with said second port, a spring-loaded toggle arm connected to said reoiprocable exhaust means for rapidly shifting said exhaust means between said first and second positions, and means operatively connected to said spring-loaded toggle arm actuated in coordination with the position of said pistons to shift said toggle arm from said first to said second positions as the piston in said first chamber approaches the inner end thereof and to shift said toggle arm from said second position to said first position as the piston in said second chamber approaches the inner end thereof.

2. A vacuum actuated double-action pump comprising an elongated cylinder, a flat portion on the exterior of said cylinder, a transverse partition within said cylinder dividing the interior thereof into a first chamber and a second chamber longitudinally aligned with each other, a piston in each such chamber positioned in sliding engagement with the inner wall-of the cylinder and reciprocable within thechamber, a rod passing through said partition in fluid-tight sliding connection therewith, said rod beingaffixed to said pistons at its ends, a valved inlet and a valved'outlet at the outer end of each said chamber, a pair of openings in said flat portion on the exterior of the cylinder, a first port communicating one of said openings with the inner end of the first chamber, a second port'communicating the other of said openingswith the inner end of the second chamber, exhaust means including an exhaust port for connection with an evacuating device insliding contact upon said flat surface, said exhaust means'be'ing reciprocable between a first position with said exhaust port communicating with said' first port and a second position with said exhaust port aligned with said second port, a spring-loaded toggle arm connected to said reciprocable exhaust means for rapidly shiftingsaidexhaust'means between said first and second positions, and means operatively connected to said spring-loaded toggle arm actuated in coordination with the position of said pistons to shift said toggle arm from said first to said second positions asthe piston in said first'chamber approaches the inner end'thereof and to shift said toggle arm from said s'econd'position to said first position as the piston in said second chamber approaches the inner end thereof.

3. A vacuum actuated double-action pump comprising an elongatedcylind'er, aflat: portion on the exterior of said cylinder, a transverse partition within said cylinder dividing the interior thereof into a first chamber and a second chamber longitudinallyJaligned with'each other, a piston in 'eachsu'ch chamber positioned in sliding engagement with the inner'wall of'the cylinder and reciproca'blewithin the chamber," arod passing'through staid partition 'inffluid-tight sliding connection therewith, said rod being aflixedto saidpistons' at its'ends, a'valved inlet and '-a"valved outlet at "the "outer end -of each said *chamber, apair' of-openings'in said flatportion on the "exterior of thecylinder; a'first port: communicatingmne of said openings with the inner end of the first chamber, a second port communicating the other of said openings with the inner end of the second chamber, exhaust means including an exhaust port for connection with an evacuating device in sliding contact upon said flat surface, said exhaust means being reciprocable between a first position with said exhaust port communicating with said first port and a second position with said exhaust port aligned with said second port, a spring-loaded toggle arm connected to said reciprocable exhaust means for rapidly shifting said exhaust means between said first and second positions, and a reciprocable pin connected at its center to the spring loading the toggle arm and positioned parallel to said piston rod with the ends of said pin extending into said chambers for actuation by the inner faces of said pistons as they approach the inner ends: of their respective chambers to shift said toggle arm from said first to said second positions as the piston in said first chamber approaches the inner end thereof and to shift said toggle arm from said second position to said first position as the piston in said second chamber approaches the inner end thereof.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 2,256 Thatcher May 22, 1866 533,817 Keenan Feb. 5, 1895 2,604,310 Brown July 22, 1952 

